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Bus
A bus (; plural "buses", , archaically also omnibus, multibus, motorbus, or autobus) is a road vehicle designed to carry many passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker rigid bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are used for longer-distance services. Many types of buses, such as city transit buses and inter-city coaches, charge a fare. Other types, such as elementary or secondary school buses or shuttle buses within a post-secondary education campus do not charge a fare. In many jurisdictions, bus drivers require a special licence above and beyond a regular driver's licence.
Buses may be used for scheduled bus transport, scheduled coach transport, school transport, private hire, or tourism; promotional buses may be used for political campaigns and others are privately operated for a wide range of purposes, including rock and pop band tour vehicles.
Horse-drawn buses were used from the 1820s, followed by steam buses in the 1830s, and electric trolleybuses in 1882.The first internal combustion engine buses, or motor buses, were used in 1895.〔 Recently, interest has been growing in hybrid electric buses, fuel cell buses, and electric buses, as well as ones powered by compressed natural gas or biodiesel. As of the 2010s, bus manufacturing is increasingly globalised, with the same designs appearing around the world.
==Etymology==
Bus is a clipped form of the Latin word ''omnibus''. It appeared in Paris in 1819–20 as ''(voiture) omnibus'' meaning "(carriage) for all", and appeared in London in 1829.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=omnibus&allowed_in_frame=0 )〕 One etymology holds that ''omnibus'' is derived from a hatter's shop which was situated in front of one of the first bus stations in Nantes, France in 1823. "Omnes Omnibus" was a pun on the Latin-sounding name of that hatter Omnès: ''omnes'' meaning "all" and ''omnibus'' means "for all" in Latin. Nantes citizens soon gave the nickname Omnibus to the vehicle.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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